What does male infer­til­i­ty mean?

If preg­nan­cy does not occur despite reg­u­lar unpro­tect­ed inter­course, the caus­es can lie with the woman, the man, or both part­ners. In about one-third of cou­ples with an unful­filled desire to con­ceive, a male fac­tor plays a sig­nif­i­cant role.

Unin­tend­ed child­less­ness is gen­er­al­ly referred to when no preg­nan­cy has occurred after twelve months. How­ev­er, depend­ing on the part­ner’s age, med­ical his­to­ry, or exist­ing risk fac­tors, an eval­u­a­tion may be advis­able ear­li­er. For men, the focus is pri­mar­i­ly on sperm pro­duc­tion and sperm qual­i­ty.

Are there signs of impaired fer­til­i­ty?

Impaired male fer­til­i­ty often caus­es no notice­able symp­toms. How­ev­er, cer­tain changes or com­plaints can indi­cate con­di­tions that may also affect fer­til­i­ty. These include, for exam­ple:

  • pal­pa­ble vari­cose veins in the tes­ti­cle (varic­o­cele)
  • pain or swelling in the tes­tic­u­lar area
  • dis­com­fort dur­ing uri­na­tion
  • erec­tile or ejac­u­la­tion dis­or­ders

Since impaired sperm qual­i­ty is usu­al­ly not exter­nal­ly rec­og­niz­able, male fer­til­i­ty can only be reli­ably assessed through an appro­pri­ate med­ical exam­i­na­tion.

When is a med­ical eval­u­a­tion advis­able?

An exam­i­na­tion of male fer­til­i­ty is par­tic­u­lar­ly advis­able if:

  • no preg­nan­cy has occurred for about twelve months despite reg­u­lar unpro­tect­ed inter­course
  • the part­ner is over 35 years old and no preg­nan­cy has occurred for about six months
  • known pre-exist­ing con­di­tions or risk fac­tors exist, such as unde­scend­ed tes­ti­cles, tes­tic­u­lar dis­eases, or surg­eries
  • chemother­a­py or radi­a­tion ther­a­py has been per­formed
  • tes­tic­u­lar abnor­mal­i­ties, erec­tile dys­func­tion, or ejac­u­la­tion dis­or­ders are already known
  • fer­til­i­ty treat­ments have repeat­ed­ly not led to the desired suc­cess

In the pres­ence of known risk fac­tors, an exam­i­na­tion may also be advis­able regard­less of the pre­vi­ous dura­tion of the desire to con­ceive.

Caus­es of Male Infer­til­i­ty

The caus­es of impaired male fer­til­i­ty are diverse and not always clear­ly assign­a­ble. Organ­ic, hor­mon­al, or genet­ic fac­tors can play a role, as can cer­tain dis­eases, envi­ron­men­tal, and lifestyle fac­tors. A med­ical eval­u­a­tion can help iden­ti­fy pos­si­ble and, in par­tic­u­lar, treat­able caus­es.

1. Organ­ic Caus­es

Var­i­ous dis­eases or phys­i­cal changes can impair the for­ma­tion, mat­u­ra­tion, or trans­port of sperm. These include, among oth­ers:

  • unde­scend­ed tes­ti­cle in child­hood, even after sur­gi­cal cor­rec­tion
  • inflam­ma­tion or infec­tions of the tes­ti­cles and epi­didymis, for exam­ple, after a mumps infec­tion in child­hood
  • vari­cose veins in the tes­ti­cle (varic­o­cele), which may be asso­ci­at­ed with impaired sperm qual­i­ty
  • injuries or surg­eries in the area of the tes­ti­cles or effer­ent sem­i­nal ducts
  • erec­tile or ejac­u­la­tion dis­or­ders
  • ret­ro­grade ejac­u­la­tion, where ejac­u­late par­tial­ly or com­plete­ly enters the blad­der
  • pre­vi­ous chemo- or radi­a­tion ther­a­pies that can tem­porar­i­ly or per­ma­nent­ly impair sperm pro­duc­tion

Hor­mon­al dis­or­ders can also affect sperm pro­duc­tion. These include, for exam­ple, dis­or­ders of hor­mon­al reg­u­la­tion by the hypo­thal­a­mus or pitu­itary gland, as well as testos­terone defi­cien­cy. Depend­ing on the find­ings, fur­ther hor­mone diag­nos­tics may there­fore be advis­able.

2. Genet­ic Caus­es

Genet­ic changes can impair sperm for­ma­tion, mat­u­ra­tion, or trans­port. These include, for exam­ple:

  • Kline­fel­ter syn­drome, where an extra X chro­mo­some is present
  • AZF dele­tions on the Y chro­mo­some, which can impair sperm pro­duc­tion
  • CFTR muta­tions, as can occur in cys­tic fibro­sis, can lead to, among oth­er things, the absence or incom­plete devel­op­ment of the vas def­er­ens in men

Genet­ic eval­u­a­tion may be par­tic­u­lar­ly use­ful in cas­es of severe­ly reduced sperm count or when no sperm are detectable in the ejac­u­late.

3. Age and Sperm Qual­i­ty

Age affects male fer­til­i­ty less sig­nif­i­cant­ly than female fer­til­i­ty. Nev­er­the­less, var­i­ous sperm char­ac­ter­is­tics can change with increas­ing age. Among oth­er things, motil­i­ty and DNA integri­ty can decrease. Cer­tain genet­ic changes in sperm also occur more fre­quent­ly with increas­ing pater­nal age.

4. Envi­ron­men­tal and Lifestyle Fac­tors

Lifestyle and envi­ron­men­tal fac­tors can also influ­ence male fer­til­i­ty. Pos­si­ble fac­tors include, among oth­ers:

  • smok­ing, which can neg­a­tive­ly affect sperm count, motil­i­ty, and DNA qual­i­ty
  • high alco­hol con­sump­tion and drugs
  • over­weight or under­weight
  • fre­quent or pro­longed heat expo­sure in the tes­tic­u­lar area, for exam­ple, due to very hot baths, fre­quent sauna vis­its, or oth­er forms of reg­u­lar over­heat­ing
  • testos­terone and ana­bol­ics, which can sup­press the body’s own hor­mone reg­u­la­tion and there­by sig­nif­i­cant­ly reduce or even tem­porar­i­ly com­plete­ly halt sperm pro­duc­tion

Envi­ron­men­tal chem­i­cals such as endocrine dis­rup­tors are also being inves­ti­gat­ed as pos­si­ble influ­enc­ing fac­tors on male fer­til­i­ty. These include, for exam­ple, BPA and phtha­lates.

Pro­ce­dure for Male Fer­til­i­ty Exam­i­na­tion

At the pri­vate cen­ter Die Kinder­wun­schärztin in Munich, we accom­pa­ny you step by step – indi­vid­u­al­ly, trans­par­ent­ly, and with the utmost care.

  1. Select & Start Test

    You choose the appro­pri­ate fer­til­i­ty test – either for home use or for per­for­mance at our pri­vate cen­ter in Munich – and then answer a few short ques­tions online about your sit­u­a­tion.

    Make an appoint­ment

  2. Sam­ple Col­lec­tion

    The semen sam­ple can be col­lect­ed dis­creet­ly in our men’s room or at home. For home col­lec­tion, we will pro­vide you with a suit­able con­tain­er in advance. Before sam­ple col­lec­tion, please observe the instruc­tions regard­ing the rec­om­mend­ed absti­nence peri­od in your appoint­ment con­fir­ma­tion. Bring the sam­ple to our fer­til­i­ty cen­ter, trans­port­ed close to the body, with­in a max­i­mum of 40 min­utes after col­lec­tion, at the agreed appoint­ment.

  3. Analy­sis & Results

    The sam­ple is ana­lyzed imme­di­ate­ly in our in-house androl­o­gy lab­o­ra­to­ry. You will usu­al­ly receive the med­ical­ly reviewed find­ings encrypt­ed by email with­in less than three work­ing days.

  4. Fur­ther Pro­ce­dure

    Should the results be out­side the nor­mal range, we rec­om­mend repeat­ing the spermiogram after a few weeks to ver­i­fy the results and enable a reli­able assess­ment. Based on this, we will decide togeth­er with you which next steps are appro­pri­ate.

Overview of Male Fer­til­i­ty Diag­nos­tics

Var­i­ous exam­i­na­tions are avail­able for the eval­u­a­tion of male fer­til­i­ty. The basis is the spermiogram, which assess­es, among oth­er things, the num­ber, motil­i­ty, and mor­phol­o­gy of sperm.

Depend­ing on the find­ings, med­ical his­to­ry, and pre­vi­ous course of the desire to con­ceive, fur­ther exam­i­na­tions may be use­ful. They allow a more pre­cise inves­ti­ga­tion of cer­tain prop­er­ties and func­tions of sperm that are not cov­ered in a clas­si­cal spermiogram.

SPERMIOGRAM

The spermiogram is the most impor­tant basic exam­i­na­tion for assess­ing male fer­til­i­ty. It ana­lyzes, among oth­er things, the num­ber, motil­i­ty, and mor­phol­o­gy of sperm accord­ing to cur­rent WHO cri­te­ria. The exam­i­na­tion is car­ried out direct­ly in our androl­o­gy lab­o­ra­to­ry and eval­u­at­ed by a med­ical doc­tor.

Book an appoint­ment More about semen analy­sis
DNA FRAGMENTATION TEST

An unre­mark­able spermiogram does not exclude impaired fer­til­i­ty in all cas­es, as dam­age or breaks in sperm DNA are not detect­ed by clas­si­cal ejac­u­late analy­sis. There­fore, a DNA frag­men­ta­tion test may be use­ful in cas­es of repeat­ed unsuc­cess­ful fer­til­i­ty treat­ments, recur­rent mis­car­riages, or unex­plained male infer­til­i­ty. This test exam­ines the pro­por­tion of sperm with genet­ic dam­age. This allows for a more detailed assess­ment of sperm qual­i­ty and can pro­vide addi­tion­al clues for fur­ther treat­ment.

Book an appoint­ment More about DNA frag­men­ta­tion
HBA TEST

A spermiogram assess­es the num­ber, motil­i­ty, and mor­phol­o­gy of sperm, but not their func­tion­al matu­ri­ty. The HBA test (Hyaluro­nan Bind­ing Assay) exam­ines how many mature sperm can bind to hyaluron­ic acid – an abil­i­ty that plays an impor­tant role in the nat­ur­al fer­til­iza­tion of the egg. Thus, the test can pro­vide addi­tion­al infor­ma­tion on the func­tion­al qual­i­ty of sperm.

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CATSPER TEST

Even with an unre­mark­able spermiogram, sperm may not be func­tion­al­ly capa­ble of fer­til­iz­ing an egg. A pos­si­ble cause is a dis­or­der of the CatSper chan­nel, which is cru­cial for the so-called hyper­ac­ti­va­tion of sperm and thus for pen­e­tra­tion into the egg. This dis­or­der is not rec­og­niz­able in a nor­mal spermiogram and is esti­mat­ed to be found in about 2% of men with unex­plained infer­til­i­ty.

In the event of a com­plete loss of CatSper chan­nel func­tion, nat­ur­al fer­til­iza­tion is not pos­si­ble. The CatSper test can there­fore pro­vide impor­tant clues for choos­ing the appro­pri­ate treat­ment, espe­cial­ly in cas­es of unex­plained desire to con­ceive or repeat­ed­ly failed fer­til­iza­tion.

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Andro­log­i­cal Eval­u­a­tion

In cas­es of abnor­mal find­ings or unclear caus­es, a sup­ple­men­tary andro­log­i­cal eval­u­a­tion may be advis­able.

Depend­ing on the spe­cif­ic ques­tion, this includes a detailed med­ical his­to­ry, phys­i­cal exam­i­na­tion, hor­mone analy­ses, and ultra­sound exam­i­na­tions of the tes­ti­cles and epi­didymis.

We specif­i­cal­ly rec­om­mend a refer­ral to androl­o­gy if the pre­vi­ous diag­nos­tics pro­vide cor­re­spond­ing indi­ca­tions.

Close-up of a flower vase in the bright practice atmosphere at the fertility center in Munich for a relaxed consultation.

Your Advan­tages at the Pri­vate Cen­ter Die Kinder­wun­schärztin

Make an appoint­ment

  • Com­pre­hen­sive Sperm Diag­nos­tics

    We exam­ine your spermiogram accord­ing to rec­og­nized med­ical stan­dards and can direct­ly fol­low up with fur­ther exam­i­na­tions if nec­es­sary.

  • Cer­ti­fied Qual­i­ty

    Reg­u­lar inter­nal qual­i­ty con­trols as well as exter­nal qual­i­ty con­trols (QuaDe­Ga round robin tests) ensure con­sis­tent­ly high qual­i­ty of our diag­nos­tics.

  • Dis­creet Sam­ple Col­lec­tion

    The semen sam­ple can be col­lect­ed dis­creet­ly on our premis­es or, by pri­or arrange­ment, at home.

  • In-house Androl­o­gy Lab­o­ra­to­ry

    Sperm diag­nos­tics and prepa­ra­tion take place direct­ly in our own lab­o­ra­to­ry – with­out exter­nal routes for fast, reli­able eval­u­a­tion.

  • Per­son­al Med­ical Clas­si­fi­ca­tion

    Our doc­tors will dis­cuss the results with you in an under­stand­able way and, if nec­es­sary, rec­om­mend the indi­vid­u­al­ly appro­pri­ate next diag­nos­tic or ther­a­peu­tic steps.

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Costs for Diag­nos­tic Exam­i­na­tions

The costs depend on the respec­tive exam­i­na­tion. All diag­nos­tic ser­vices are per­formed in our own androl­o­gy lab­o­ra­to­ry and eval­u­at­ed by spe­cial­ists.

Spermiogram (Basic Exam­i­na­tion) — approx. €164

The semen sam­ple can be col­lect­ed dis­creet­ly at our facil­i­ty or at home. For home col­lec­tion, the sam­ple must be brought to us body-warm and with­in a max­i­mum of 40 min­utes. Upon request, we will send you a suit­able sam­ple con­tain­er in advance; addi­tion­al ship­ping and pack­ag­ing costs will apply.

The analy­sis is car­ried out direct­ly in our androl­o­gy lab­o­ra­to­ry. You will receive your find­ings encrypt­ed by email with­in a few days.

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DNA Frag­men­ta­tion Test (with exist­ing spermiogram) — approx. €265

The test exam­ines the qual­i­ty of the sper­m’s genet­ic mate­r­i­al and can also detect abnor­mal­i­ties that are not vis­i­ble in a clas­si­cal spermiogram. The pre­req­ui­site for this exam­i­na­tion alone is a spermiogram per­formed by us that is no old­er than six weeks.

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HBA Test — approx. €120

The HBA test exam­ines the pro­por­tion of mature sperm that can bind to hyaluron­ic acid. It thus pro­vides addi­tion­al infor­ma­tion about the func­tion­al matu­ri­ty of sperm, which is not cov­ered in a clas­si­cal spermiogram.

Book an appoint­ment
CatSper Test — approx. €161

The CatSper test exam­ines an impor­tant func­tion of sperm that is nec­es­sary for pen­e­tra­tion into the egg and thus for nat­ur­al fer­til­iza­tion. A CatSper dys­func­tion is not rec­og­niz­able in a clas­si­cal spermiogram.

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Notes on Billing

No fixed or flat-rate prices: We bill on the basis of the offi­cial scale of fees for doc­tors (GOÄ). Accord­ing to the GOÄ, we are not allowed to quote fixed or flat-rate prices for med­ical ser­vices. The prices men­tioned are intend­ed to pro­vide ori­en­ta­tion and are typ­i­cal for the treat­ments men­tioned.

Pos­si­ble VAT lia­bil­i­ty: Med­ical ser­vices may be sub­ject to VAT (cur­rent­ly 19%). This applies if, after diag­nos­tics have been car­ried out, no med­ical indi­ca­tion or con­firmed diag­no­sis is present and it is there­fore not a med­ical treat­ment in the strict sense. This can be the case in par­tic­u­lar with social freez­ing treat­ments, but also with the treat­ment of sin­gle moms and same-sex cou­ples.

Note on Cost Cov­er­age

We would be hap­py to pro­vide you with detailed cost infor­ma­tion for the planned treat­ment in advance. This allows you to clar­i­fy cost cov­er­age with your pri­vate health insur­ance (PKV) as best as pos­si­ble before­hand. Statu­to­ry health insur­ance (GKV) does not cov­er costs at our cen­ter.

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What Treat­ment Options are Avail­able for Male Fer­til­i­ty Dis­or­ders?

Treat­ment options for impaired male fer­til­i­ty depend on the under­ly­ing cause. In many cas­es, phys­i­cal or hor­mon­al changes can be specif­i­cal­ly treat­ed.

Infec­tions of the tes­ti­cles or prostate – even pre­vi­ous­ly unno­ticed ones – can often be treat­ed with med­ica­tion. Hor­mon­al dis­or­ders, for exam­ple in the thy­roid gland or pitu­itary gland, can be com­pen­sat­ed for by indi­vid­u­al­ly adapt­ed ther­a­pies.

If the desired suc­cess does not occur or if there is no clear­ly treat­able cause, repro­duc­tive med­i­cine pro­ce­dures can increase the chances of preg­nan­cy.

Insem­i­na­tion (IUI)

Dur­ing insem­i­na­tion, sperm are pre­pared in a spe­cial lab­o­ra­to­ry pro­ce­dure. The most motile and high­est qual­i­ty sperm are select­ed and intro­duced direct­ly into the uterus with a fine catheter. This pro­ce­dure is suit­able if sperm qual­i­ty is only slight­ly impaired and the part­ner’s fal­lop­i­an tubes are patent.

Make an appoint­ment More on Insem­i­na­tion
In Vit­ro Fer­til­iza­tion (IVF)

In IVF, sperm are brought togeth­er with eggs pre­vi­ous­ly retrieved dur­ing treat­ment in the lab­o­ra­to­ry. This pro­ce­dure is an option, among oth­er things, if the part­ner’s fal­lop­i­an tubes are blocked or oth­er rea­sons argue against insem­i­na­tion. IVF can also be use­ful for slight­ly to mod­er­ate­ly impaired sperm qual­i­ty.

Make an appoint­ment More about IVF/ICSI
Intra­cy­to­plas­mic Sperm Injec­tion (ICSI)

Intra­cy­to­plas­mic Sperm Injec­tion (ICSI) is a fur­ther devel­op­ment of IVF. A sin­gle sperm is inject­ed direct­ly into the egg under the micro­scope – espe­cial­ly when sperm qual­i­ty is impaired or IVF has not been suc­cess­ful pre­vi­ous­ly.

Make an appoint­ment More about ICSI
Tes­tic­u­lar Sperm Extrac­tion (TESE)

If no sperm are detectable in the ejac­u­late (azoosper­mia), sperm can be obtained direct­ly from tes­tic­u­lar tis­sue by means of a tes­tic­u­lar biop­sy (TESE). The extract­ed sperm can be used for ICSI treat­ment or cry­op­re­served. If no sperm are found even then, sperm dona­tion may be con­sid­ered as an alter­na­tive in cer­tain cas­es.

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What Our Patients Say

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 Sandra B 
 
105 days ago
 
 
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Had a very good experience, I felt very well taken care of, everyone very professional, standardized routines, can definitely recommend
  
 
 
 
 
 
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 Lauren W 
 
141 days ago
 
 
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We flew from overseas to work with Dr Mann and her team. Everyone was so kind, empathetic and extremely helpful. Everyone spoke English and made us feel very welcome. We could not have asked for better care than what we received from Dr Mann and her team. Bonus, the offices are beautiful.
  
 
 
 
 
 
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 Andrea C 
 
185 days ago
 
 
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After visiting two other fertility clinics (one of which I left in tears), I had almost lost hope of finding a place where I would truly feel heard. Then I met Dr. Sarah Comploj, and everything changed.

From the very first consultation, I felt genuinely listened to and treated as an individual. Unlike my previous experiences, where I was quickly told I needed IVF without anyone really taking the time to understand my situation or carefully review my test results, here I felt that my case truly mattered. Every step was explained thoughtfully, and my concerns were taken seriously.

What stood out the most was that I never felt like just another patient or that the focus was on money. Instead, I felt that the entire team was committed to helping me achieve my dream in the most appropriate and personal way possible.

Today, I am holding my one-month-old baby in my arms, and I will forever be grateful for the care, compassion, and expertise I received here. I can only highly recommend this clinic and Dr. Comploj 🩷
  
 
 
 
 
 
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 Viktoria O 
 
323 days ago
 
 
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Every appointment I’ve had over the last few months has been consistently informative, professional, and conducted in a personal manner. The treatment plan was explained in detail and any concerns or questions always answered. She also speaks perfect English if required. I’m impressed with how well organised the clinic is and how quickly results are processed, and last-minute appointments made available. For anyone who is going through the struggle of infertility it’s a difficult and vulnerable time, but I always felt so reassured and in good hands with Dr Mann.
  
 
 
 
 
 
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 Local R 
 
331 days ago
 
 
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A heartfelt thank you to Dr. Gerber for the exceptional support and warmth during a very sensitive journey. I always felt respected and in good hands. Truly grateful.
  
 
 
 
 
 
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 V D 
 
452 days ago
 
 
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I'm very grateful for my experience, the staff from reception to the doctors were very kind. You can feel  accompanied during the treatment. Also, overall I had a successful treatment, especially considering my age, it's a costly treatment but it's worth it. So I'm very happy for the result, my doctor was Sara Comploj.
  
 
 
 
 
 
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 Marina 
 
489 days ago
 
 
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I had a wonderful experience with the Kinderwunsch practice, and especially with dr. Corina Mann. From the very beginning, dr Mann was attentive, knowledgeable, and truly invested in helping me achieve the best possible outcome. She took the time to understand my goals and tailored my treatment plan to make sure I had the best chance of success.

Thanks to her care and expertise, I was able to maximise my results and reach my goals. I always felt supported, informed, and in the best hands. Dr Mann always answered my countless questions with a smile :) I’m incredibly grateful for her dedication and would wholeheartedly recommend her to anyone starting their fertility journey.
  
 
 
 
 
 
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 Carmencita 
 
491 days ago
 
 
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I just want to say a big thank you to the whole team of Dr. Mann and Dr. Albrecht. I felt really taking care off  in this Praxis and really can recommend everyone to go to this clinic, as here you can get at least the most possible personalization and time dedicated to you! Thanks again for your support!
  
 
 
 
 
 
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 Maria K 
 
587 days ago
 
 
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Since my doctor was busy and couldn't do the procedure herself, I had an appointment with Sarah to have my fallopian tubes checked. I was very nervous before the procedure, but it turned out to be for nothing! Sarah described and explained every step of the procedure and was extremely friendly.
  
 
 
 
 
 
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 Jay B 
 
1149 days ago
 
 
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Our multiple years-long Kinderwunsch journey was spent under the care of Dr. Mann and her Kinderwunsch practice team. Dr. Mann is not only a highly competent expert in her field, she's also empathetic and kind. She treated each appointment with a sense of being genuinely invested — listening to concerns or questions, planning for my unique treatment needs, and explaining processes or procedures without rushing (because she knows it's likely your first time going through something ... even though it might be her 40000th time). Her practice is busy and it's because she's the best. The practice team is cheerful and helpful. The waiting area is comfortable with pleasant music, flowers, and they even laid out gingerbread during Christmas time. They have a lab on-site so results are often same-day. I particularly found the technology they use to share results via email quickly so helpful. And I always felt at ease speaking in my native language and not pressured to try to keep up with unfamiliar German terminology. I'm forever grateful to have found Dr. Mann. We plan to visit soon with our new plus-one :)

- RB & JB
  
 
 
 
 
 
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 Aparna P 
 
1649 days ago
 
 
 Trustindex verifies that the original source of the review is Google. 
Dr.Albrecht is really good and friendly. She is best at her own way. But reception staff is very very very worst and disappointing. They themselves book an appointment and say it’s not booked. Luckily in Doctorlib my appointment was visible. Staff is very very rude. And they respond very rudely. I can give 0 rating for Staff at reception.
  
 
 
 
 
 
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 Cindy L 
 
1670 days ago
 
 
 Trustindex verifies that the original source of the review is Google. 
We had an absolutely wonderful experience with Dr. Mann. Her positive energy and competence was so reassuring and much appreciated during the potentially stressful time of trying to have a baby. I really loved how we could communicate in either English or German over complicated and sensitive reproductive matters. She took the time to answer all of our questions and offered us a wealth of information regarding the treatments. And her staff brought the same good vibes and Expertise to the practice. Some of the best and painless blood draws I’ve ever had, and they were always very responsive through emails as well as telephone communication. Online appointment system was also great. Video consults super convenient. The setting of the practice itself is an oasis of peace and calmness. As soon as I stepped through the doors I felt relaxed with the music, green plant wall, and well designed and decorated space. Technology and quality of equipment is very good. Yes, sometimes the waiting time had been 30+ minutes, but because the patient care is so excellent, I’ll be back for future treatments as needed, and would highly recommend this practice and team to anyone.
  
 
 
 
 
 
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 Raluca O 
 
1854 days ago
 
 
 Trustindex verifies that the original source of the review is Google. 
I have only the best words to describe my experience at the clinic. I personally worked with Dr. Albrecht and she was amazing. Every appointment was done on time, informative and clear on what the next steps are. She offered details and support with my every question. Where I wasn’t sure of my German we swapped to English to make sure I understood everything.

The clinic is run in a very efficient way, organized, planned and as a process oriented person I loved it!

Fre­quent­ly Asked Ques­tions about Male Infer­til­i­ty

How is male infer­til­i­ty rec­og­nized?

Impaired fer­til­i­ty in men usu­al­ly caus­es no symp­toms and there­fore often goes unno­ticed for a long time. Indi­ca­tions can be, for exam­ple, changes in the tes­ti­cle, a varic­o­cele, hor­mon­al abnor­mal­i­ties, or dis­com­fort in the gen­i­tal area. Whether male fer­til­i­ty is impaired can best be deter­mined by a spermiogram and, if nec­es­sary, fur­ther exam­i­na­tions.

When should a man have his fer­til­i­ty exam­ined?

If preg­nan­cy does not occur despite reg­u­lar unpro­tect­ed inter­course, both part­ners should gen­er­al­ly be exam­ined. An eval­u­a­tion is usu­al­ly rec­om­mend­ed after twelve months, or after six months if the part­ner is aged 35 or old­er. In the pres­ence of known risk fac­tors or a notable med­ical his­to­ry, an ear­li­er exam­i­na­tion may be advis­able.

How­ev­er, many men also want to have their fer­til­i­ty checked before or at the begin­ning of their desire to con­ceive. A spermiogram is a sim­ple exam­i­na­tion and can pro­vide an ini­tial assess­ment of male fer­til­i­ty ear­ly on.

How com­mon is infer­til­i­ty in men?

Male fac­tors play an impor­tant role in unful­filled desire to con­ceive. In about half of affect­ed cou­ples, a male cause or co-cause is found. There­fore, diag­nos­tics for both women and men should ide­al­ly be car­ried out joint­ly from the out­set.

What does OAT syn­drome mean for my fer­til­i­ty?

In OAT syn­drome, sperm count, motil­i­ty, and mor­phol­o­gy are simul­ta­ne­ous­ly impaired. How much this reduces the chance of a nat­ur­al preg­nan­cy depends on the sever­i­ty. How­ev­er, OAT syn­drome does not auto­mat­i­cal­ly mean that nat­ur­al preg­nan­cy is impos­si­ble.

Can one get preg­nant despite a poor spermiogram?

Yes. Even with impaired spermiogram val­ues, a nat­ur­al preg­nan­cy may be pos­si­ble. Cru­cial fac­tors include the type and sever­i­ty of the abnor­mal­i­ties, as well as the part­ner’s fer­til­i­ty. In cas­es of more severe impair­ments, fer­til­i­ty treat­ments such as insem­i­na­tion, IVF, or ICSI can increase the chances of preg­nan­cy.

Can a poor spermiogram improve again?

Yes, spermiogram val­ues can fluc­tu­ate and also improve again. Febrile ill­ness­es, med­ica­tions, smok­ing, severe over­weight, heat, or oth­er fac­tors can tem­porar­i­ly impair sperm qual­i­ty. There­fore, a fol­low-up exam­i­na­tion is advis­able in case of an abnor­mal find­ing.

Why are fer­til­i­ty dis­or­ders increas­ing in men?

Large stud­ies show that the aver­age sperm con­cen­tra­tion in many coun­tries has sig­nif­i­cant­ly decreased over the past decades. The exact caus­es for this are not yet con­clu­sive­ly clar­i­fied. Envi­ron­men­tal and lifestyle fac­tors, over­weight, smok­ing, and hor­mon­al­ly active chem­i­cals are among the dis­cussed fac­tors.

What treat­ment options are avail­able for impaired male fer­til­i­ty?

Treat­ment depends on the cause and extent of the impair­ment. Pos­si­ble options include lifestyle changes, treat­ment of hor­mon­al or uro­log­i­cal caus­es, and – depend­ing on the spermiogram and the cou­ple’s sit­u­a­tion – insem­i­na­tion, IVF, or ICSI.

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