If you are plan­ning a pregnan­cy, you can alre­a­dy crea­te important con­di­ti­ons for a healt­hy cour­se of pregnan­cy even befo­re con­cep­ti­on. This includes, among other things, taking folic acid, che­cking your vac­ci­na­ti­on sta­tus, main­tai­ning a healt­hy life­style, and cla­ri­fy­ing any exis­ting medi­cal con­di­ti­ons and regu­lar­ly taken medi­ca­ti­ons.

Why is pre­pa­ring for pregnan­cy important?

Some key stages of the embryo’s deve­lo­p­ment take place in the first weeks after conception—often at a time when the pregnan­cy is not yet known. That is why it is advi­sa­ble to con­sider cer­tain health-rela­ted issues alre­a­dy when try­ing to con­cei­ve.

One important exam­p­le is folic acid: it should be taken even befo­re pregnan­cy, as the neu­ral tube clo­ses very ear­ly in embryo­nic deve­lo­p­ment. Ade­qua­te folic acid inta­ke can redu­ce the risk of neu­ral tube defects. Vac­ci­na­ti­on sta­tus, exis­ting medi­cal con­di­ti­ons, regu­lar­ly taken medi­ca­ti­ons, as well as nut­ri­ti­on and life­style can also be rele­vant even befo­re pregnan­cy. A healt­hy start in life

Pre-pregnan­cy counselling—also known as pre­con­cep­ti­on coun­sel­ling or pre­con­cep­ti­on care—offers the oppor­tu­ni­ty to dis­cuss the­se fac­tors ear­ly on and, if neces­sa­ry, adjust them to your indi­vi­du­al needs.

Which exami­na­ti­ons are useful befo­re pregnan­cy?

Which exami­na­ti­ons are useful befo­re pregnan­cy depends on your per­so­nal medi­cal histo­ry, exis­ting con­di­ti­ons, regu­lar­ly taken medi­ca­ti­ons, and pos­si­ble risk fac­tors. In pre­con­cep­ti­on coun­sel­ling, we the­r­e­fo­re assess indi­vi­du­al­ly which exami­na­ti­ons and mea­su­res are rele­vant for you.

  • Check vac­ci­na­ti­on sta­tus

    Befo­re pregnan­cy, your vac­ci­na­ti­on sta­tus should be che­cked and any miss­ing vac­ci­na­ti­ons should be com­ple­ted whe­re pos­si­ble. Pro­tec­tion against meas­les, rubel­la, and vari­cel­la (chi­cken­pox) is par­ti­cu­lar­ly important, as the live vac­ci­nes used for the­se should not be admi­nis­te­red during pregnan­cy. After vac­ci­na­ti­on with a live vac­ci­ne, pregnan­cy should be avo­ided for one month.

  • Dis­cuss exis­ting con­di­ti­ons and medi­ca­ti­ons

    Chro­nic con­di­ti­ons such as thy­ro­id dis­or­ders, dia­be­tes, or high blood pres­su­re may requi­re tail­o­red care even befo­re pregnan­cy. Regu­lar­ly taken medi­ca­ti­ons should also be review­ed, as some acti­ve sub­s­tances need to be adjus­ted or repla­ced when try­ing to con­cei­ve or during pregnan­cy. Howe­ver, medi­ca­ti­ons should not be dis­con­tin­ued on your own.

  • Gynae­co­lo­gi­cal pre­ven­ti­ve care

    Your cur­rent gynae­co­lo­gi­cal pre­ven­ti­ve care sta­tus can also be dis­cus­sed. Whe­ther addi­tio­nal exami­na­ti­ons are advi­sa­ble depends on your indi­vi­du­al medi­cal histo­ry and any pos­si­ble sym­ptoms.

  • Cla­ri­fy infec­tions in a tar­ge­ted way

    Tests for cer­tain infec­tions may be useful depen­ding on your medi­cal histo­ry, sym­ptoms, or indi­vi­du­al risk fac­tors. Rou­ti­ne com­pre­hen­si­ve infec­tion scree­ning, howe­ver, is not neces­sa­ry for every woman try­ing to con­cei­ve.

  • Nut­ri­ent sup­p­ly

    A balan­ced diet and an ade­qua­te sup­p­ly of important nut­ri­ents are advi­sa­ble alre­a­dy when try­ing to con­cei­ve. Folic acid is par­ti­cu­lar­ly rele­vant, and sup­ple­men­ta­ti­on should begin befo­re pregnan­cy. Whe­ther addi­tio­nal sup­ple­ments or labo­ra­to­ry tests are useful depends on diet, pre-exis­ting con­di­ti­ons, and indi­vi­du­al risk fac­tors.

Using your cycle to get pregnant fas­ter?

The fer­ti­le days are around ovu­la­ti­on. If you know your cycle, you can bet­ter esti­ma­te this time frame and time inter­cour­se spe­ci­fi­cal­ly for the fer­ti­le win­dow. Cycle track­ing or ovu­la­ti­on tests, for exam­p­le, can help.

If ovu­la­ti­on is unclear, your cycle is irre­gu­lar, or pregnan­cy is taking lon­ger than expec­ted, pro­fes­sio­nal cycle moni­to­ring may be useful. Using ultra­sound and, if neces­sa­ry, hor­mo­ne levels, fol­lic­le matu­ra­ti­on can be obser­ved and the timing of ovu­la­ti­on nar­ro­wed down more pre­cis­e­ly.

How you can adjust your life­style

A healt­hy life­style crea­tes good con­di­ti­ons for pregnan­cy and is advi­sa­ble alre­a­dy when try­ing to con­cei­ve. This includes a balan­ced diet, suf­fi­ci­ent exer­cise, and avo­i­ding nico­ti­ne and alco­hol. Body weight and the sup­p­ly of cer­tain nut­ri­ents can also play a role.

Pre­pa­ra­ti­ons and beha­viou­ral tips for the time when try­ing to con­cei­ve:

Nut­ri­ti­on

Alre­a­dy when try­ing to con­cei­ve, a balan­ced and varied diet is recom­men­ded. The focus should be on vege­ta­bles and fruit, who­le grains, legu­mes, and nuts. In addi­ti­on, dairy pro­ducts, eggs, and fish, among other foods, can be part of a balan­ced diet. Accor­ding to cur­rent know­ledge, the­re is no spe­ci­fic diet that has been pro­ven to lead to pregnan­cy fas­ter.

Once you are pregnant, cer­tain foods should also be avo­ided to redu­ce the risk of food­bor­ne infec­tions such as lis­te­rio­sis or toxo­plas­mo­sis. This includes, in par­ti­cu­lar, raw ani­mal pro­ducts and raw-milk pro­ducts.

Die­ta­ry sup­ple­ments

Taking folic acid is recom­men­ded alre­a­dy when try­ing to con­cei­ve. In addi­ti­on to a balan­ced diet, women who would like to beco­me pregnant should take 400 µg of folic acid per day or an equi­va­lent amount of other fola­tes. Ide­al­ly, sup­ple­men­ta­ti­on should begin when you start try­ing to con­cei­ve, but no later than four weeks befo­re con­cep­ti­on, and should be con­tin­ued until the end of the 12th week of pregnan­cy.

If you start sup­ple­men­ta­ti­on less than four weeks befo­re con­cep­ti­on or only after pregnan­cy has begun, you should take 800 µg of folic acid per day or an equi­va­lent amount of other fola­tes. Folic acid is par­ti­cu­lar­ly important for ear­ly ner­vous sys­tem deve­lo­p­ment and can redu­ce the risk of neu­ral tube defects such as spi­na bifi­da (“open back”). The neu­ral tube clo­ses about four weeks after conception—this is why taking it befo­re pregnan­cy is important.

Whe­ther addi­tio­nal die­ta­ry sup­ple­ments are useful bey­ond this depends on your indi­vi­du­al diet and health situa­ti­on and should be dis­cus­sed with a phy­si­ci­an if nee­ded.

Weight

Both under­weight and over­weight can affect fer­ti­li­ty and the cour­se of pregnan­cy. When try­ing to con­cei­ve, it is the­r­e­fo­re advi­sa­ble to get as clo­se as pos­si­ble to a healt­hy weight. The focus should be on a balan­ced diet and regu­lar phy­si­cal acti­vi­ty.

In par­ti­cu­lar, over­weight and obe­si­ty befo­re pregnan­cy are asso­cia­ted with an increased risk of pregnan­cy com­pli­ca­ti­ons such as high blood pres­su­re and gesta­tio­nal dia­be­tes. If you are under­weight, an ade­qua­te ener­gy and nut­ri­ent sup­p­ly is also important. If you would like to chan­ge your weight while try­ing to con­cei­ve, indi­vi­du­al coun­sel­ling may be useful.

Smo­king

Smo­king can impair fer­ti­li­ty and is asso­cia­ted with a redu­ced ova­ri­an reser­ve. When try­ing to con­cei­ve, it is the­r­e­fo­re advi­sa­ble to stop smo­king com­ple­te­ly. This also redu­ces health risks for a future pregnan­cy. Smo­king is asso­cia­ted, among other things, with an increased risk of mis­car­ria­ge and ecto­pic pregnan­cy.

Alco­hol

When try­ing to con­cei­ve, it is recom­men­ded to avo­id alco­hol. This also helps pre­vent alco­hol expo­sure in the very ear­ly stages of pregnan­cy, when it may not yet be known. No alco­hol should be con­su­med throug­hout the enti­re pregnan­cy.

Cof­fee

During pregnan­cy, you should con­su­me caf­feine only in mode­ra­te amounts. The upper limit is 200 mg of caf­feine per day—from cof­fee, tea, cola, cho­co­la­te, and other caf­feina­ted foods and drinks com­bi­ned. This cor­re­sponds, for exam­p­le, to about two cups of fil­ter cof­fee of 200 ml each.

Well pre­pared for pregnan­cy

If you are plan­ning a pregnan­cy, you can take important health-rela­ted fac­tors into account in advan­ce. This includes, among other things, taking folic acid, che­cking your vac­ci­na­ti­on sta­tus, and main­tai­ning a healt­hy life­style. Exis­ting medi­cal con­di­ti­ons and regu­lar­ly taken medi­ca­ti­ons should also be dis­cus­sed with a phy­si­ci­an ear­ly on.

If you have ques­ti­ons about your fer­ti­li­ty or pregnan­cy is taking lon­ger than expec­ted, our fer­ti­li­ty spe­cia­lists will advi­se you indi­vi­du­al­ly and cla­ri­fy which fur­ther exami­na­ti­ons may be useful.